



•..^/ .><^/, %.^,^ ,;^. -.^/ .^.. ■ 







EARLY JEWISH RESIDENTS IN MASSACHUSETTS. 
By Lee M. Friedman, A. B., LL. B. 



Reprinted from 

Publications of the 

American Jewish Historical Society, 

No. 23, 1915. 






EAELY JEWISH RESIDENTS IN MASSACHUSETTS. 
By Lee M, Friedman, A. B., LL. B. 

In his able paper presented at the annual meeting of 1910, 
Eev. Dr. D. de Sola Pool called attention to a letter written 
in 1684 by Increase Mather to Joseph Dudley, in which Mather 
asserted that 
I knew not that there was any Jew in Boston the last winter.* 

From this Dr. Pool drew the conclusion that Jews were not 
settled in Boston at so early a date as 1684. On the other 
hand, we venture to say that almost from the beginning of its 
history there was hardly a time when the Jews were not living 
in Boston. Very curiously, the history of the Jews in Massa- 
chusetts begins with dates earlier even than those of New 
York or any of the other colonies. 

Within eighteen years of the founding of Boston, in 1648, 
Isaac Abrahams appeared before the well-known Boston Notary 
Aspinwall to have him witness a Bill of Sale of his vessel The 
Bride of Enchusen which was sold to Robert Scott and John 
Cooke.* In the following year, 1649, one Solomon Franco 
came over with a cargo consigned to Major-General Edward 
Gibbons, as agent of Immanuel Perada. The venture proved 
unsuccessful and Solomon Franco threatened to settle in 
Boston for want of means to leave. In their anxiety to rid 
themselves of a Jew, the government after calm deliberation 
voted to 

alow the said Solomon Franco six shillings p weeke out of the 
treasury for tenn weekes for his substinance till he cann gett his 
passage into Holland, so as he doe it with that time.' 

* Publications of the American Jetoish Historical Society, No. 20, 
pp. 57, 58; Mass Hist. Soc, " Collections," series iv, vol. viii, p. 102. 

' Aspinwall's Notarial Records. Report of Record Commission- 
ers, Boston, vol. xxxii, p. 172. 

' " Records of Massachusetts " (Shurtleff), vol. ii, p. 273; vol. iii, 
pp. 159, 160 ; Felt's " Ecclesiastical History," vol. ii, p. 11. 

79 



80 American Jewish Historical Society. 

In the first Boston Tax List, 1674, appears the name of 
Rowland Gideon " ye Jew " rated at 18 s.* He was one of the 
Jews to whom letters of denization had been granted by the 
British Government in 1679 giving him permission to reside 
in the English colonies." In 1675, he appeared in association 
with one Barnich in a law suit before the court in Boston.' 
August 4, 1677, Robert Levy was apprehended in Boston and 
whipped for attending a Quaker meeting.' In the "list of 
inhabitants in Boston 1695 " there are the names of two Jews, 
Raephaell Abandana and Samuel the Jew.' 

Attention has already been called in the Publications of 
this Society to Simon, the Jew, who was baptised by Mr. 
Bradstreet, at Charlestown in 1702, and assumed the name of 
Barns " and to Frazier or Frazon who refused to hear more of 
Christianity after he discovered the forgery by which Cotton 
Mather sought to convert him." There seem to have been two 
Frazons in Boston at this time — Joseph and Samuel" — who 
were merchants of considerable activity. 

* Report Record Commissioners, vol. 1, p. 29. 

"Publications, No. 20, p. 112. 

'Records of the Court of Assistants, vol. i, p. 49; Supreme 
Judicial Court, Suffolk Files, No. 1401. In answering the reasons 
of appeal, Gideon naively ends his pleading " and as to his sup- 
plement to enforce my books, they are ready as well for this as the 
last Court although new evidence is as needless as unusual for the 
practice of this Court where God commands our Fathers that the 
same law should be for the Stranger and Sojourners as for the 
Israelite. I am thus committing my case to the Honorable Court 
and Gentlemen of the Jure praying for the prosperity of your 
Government and that you may be further fathers of this scatered 
nation, and so remain Yer Honble. Humble Servant, Rowland 
Gidyon." 

' Drake's " History of Boston," p. 429. 

' Report Record Commissioners, vol. i, pp. 158, 164. 

» No. 11, p. 79. 

" No. 20, p. 55. 

"Supreme Judicial Court, Suffolk Files, No. 5162, No. 5604, 
No. 4822, No. 6210, No. 4541. 



QUa 

CAR 7 t9fg 



Early Jewish Residents in Massachusetts — Friedman. 81 

In 1705-6, the New York merchant, Luis Gomez, was en- 
gaged before the Courts in Boston in litigation against John 
Adams." 

In March, 1715, Barshaba Hart, a widow, came to Boston 
from Surinam on the ship Neptune and in the following July 
married William Foster of " Gt. Brittaine." " In June, 1716, 
Isaac Lopez and Abraham Gotatus described as merchants 
landed in Boston from the ship Restoration from London." 
Lopez quickly attained a position of some importance amongst 
the merchants of Boston. In 1720, at the annual towm meet- 
ing, he was elected one of the constables.'' He declined office 
and paid a fine to be excused from service. In 1722 he was 
granted liberty to erect a timber building on land he had pur- 
chased from John Stanford near the Wind Mill.'" He had 
considerable connections in London through his brother Gabriel 
Lopez and also in New York. It has been stated that later he 
moved to New York from Boston." In 1728, Samuel Brasilia 
acted in his absence from Boston as his trustee and agent." 

Judah Monis, instructor in Hebrew at Harvard College, 
was made the subject of a separate paper before this Society " 
so we pass his interesting career with the mere mention of 
his name. 

"IMd., No. 6813, No. 7065, No. 6692. 

"Report Record Commissioners, vol. xxix, p. 234; iMd., vol. 
xxviii, p. 94, July 18, 1715, where she is described as " of Rhode 
Island now residing in Boston." 

'* Supra. 

"Ibid., vol. iil, pp. 151-2. 

" Ibid., vol. xiv, p. 108. 

" Suffolk Registry of Deeds, Book 43, p. 314. 

"" Supreme Judicial Court, Suffolk Files, No. 23374, No. 15548. 
In this latter citation appears the name of Isaac De Medina 
described as " now resident in Boston, merchant." August 8, 1721, 
the sheriff being unable to find him, made a return of " non est 
inventus." 

"No. 22, p. 1 et seq. 



82 American Jewish Historical Society. 

The name of Michael Asher is first met with in 1716, when 
he appeared as a witness to a deed." He lived in the South 
End on Newberry Street, now a portion of Washington Street '' 
and was engaged in operating a snuff mill. He was associated 
with Isaac Solomon." February 22, 1733, Michael Asher and 
Isaac Solomon purchased from Joseph Bradford a plot of land 
that is now Chambers Street (15 and 17). Here they erected 
a shop and set apart a part of the lot as a burying ground for 
" the Jewish Nation." " In 1735, Isaac Solomon and his wife 
Elizabeth " sold out all their interest in this land to Asher. 
Asher appeared to have fallen upon evil days and lost this 
property the following year.^ This burying ground of the 

* December 18, 1716, he witnessed a deed of John Wakefield; 
September, 1719, he was a witness in transactions between Hub- 
bard and Henshard, merchants of Boston. In 1729 he acted under 
a power of attorney for Isaac Lopez. 

" See Suffolk Registry of Deeds, Book 59, p. .51. 

" Isaac Solomon, May 7, 1731, appears as a witness to a deed 
(ibid.. Book 46, p. 45) and resided in Boston as late as June 2, 1742, 
as per deed (ihid., Book 63, p. 127) where James Bowdoin for 
£430 conveyed to John Fairweather, Esq., the house and land in 
" Cold Lane," a section of the present Portland Street, " now in 
possession of Isaac Solomon." Isaac Solomon, September 8, 1735, 
wrote a letter to Mordecai Gomez of New York concerning his 
relations with Mr. (Michael) Asher and promised other writings 
after " the holydays." He said, " I have had my art many years 
ago in making snuff." Mr. Michael Asher, June 15, 1735, wrote to 
Mordecai Gomez and sent it by the hand of Moses Gomez, a son. 
Again, under date of October 27, 1735, that " he will continue to 
take 1500 weight of snuff a year at 25s 6 d per pound." Under date 
of September 19, 1735, Isaac Solomon wrote in a business letter, 
" I wish you and your family a Happy New Year." Isaac Solomon 
appears as a " merchant " in Boston as late as January, 1742. 
Supreme Judicial Court, Suffolk Files, No. 37859, No. 40461, No. 
40409. No. 40681, No. 54868. 

'■" Suffolk Registry of Deeds, Book 52, p. 33. 

'-'Publications, No. 11, p. 81. 

" Suffolk Registry of Deeds, Book 54, pp. 43, 44. 



Early Jewish Residents in Massachusetts — Friedman. 83 

Jewish nation was known to be in existence as late as 1750 ^ 
but all traces of it after that date is lost." 

In early New England, the right of inhabitancy in a town 
was a privilege only to be obtained by consent of the authori- 
ties. It included the right of support by the town if the 
inhabitant became unable to care for himself. At first, it was 
not the practice to admit persons as inhabitants unless the town 
was able to allot land to the new comer. Later, it became the 
practice to admit settlers provided they were able to acquire 
land from others."' Thus, the right to sojourn in any town 
was a privilege jealously guarded and all undesirable strangers 
were promptly " warned out,^' — commanded to depart, or per- 
mitted to remain temporarily only upon furnishing heavy 
bonds that they would not become public charges. In 1680, 
John Foster goes £40 security that Joseph Bueno would not 
become chargeable on the town of Boston."^ April 24, 1756, 
Philip Samuel, a Jew from New York, was warned by the 
Selectmen of Boston to depart the town,*" and having paid no 
attention to this, the following September the process was 
repeated."^ David Campenell, " a Jew from Rhode Island," 

" In April 1750, Stephen Deblois conveyed this property to David 
Symonds, " a potter." " Excepting only about ten foot square of 
said land lying at the upper corner thereof, bounding South East 
on land of Hugh Hall, Esq., and Mr. Ellis." See ihid. 

-'• In 1762, David Symonds, " the potter," conveyed the property 
to Samuel Parkman. The property was in the possession of the 
Parkman family until about 1800, when heirs conveyed it to Wil- 
liam Eaton but no mention is made in any of the conveyances 
that there was a semblance of a burying ground at its south- 
western corner. See iMd. 

" J. H. Benton, " Warning Out in New England," Boston, 1911. 

^'' Report Record Commissioners, vol. x, p. 66, April 29, 1680. 
The bond is signed Joseph Bueno, Jun'. Possibly this is the Joseph 
Bueno who later lived in New York and died there in 1708. See 
infra, p. 149. 

"" Report Record Commissioners, ibid., p. 154. 

''Ibid., p. 153. 



84 American Jewish Historical Society. 

was warned out of Boston, June 15, 1726.^ Similarly in 1762, 
Isaac Moses, the well-known Revolutionary patriot and later 
a leading member of the New York Chamber of Commerce 
was warned to leave Boston within fourteen days or give 
security."^ This was the same Isaac Moses upon whom was 
drawn the bill of exchange to pay for the cargo of com that 
came from Virginia to John Hancock and Samuel Adams to 
relieve the* suffering caused by the siege of Boston."' 

In 1737, Solomon Isaacs appeared before the Selectmen of 
Boston and procured the release of the sloop Sarah from 
Philadelphia from quarantine." He was for years a resident 
in Boston and was a brother of Joshua Isaacs, the merchant, 
who named him in his will as executor in 1744.'" 

Aaron Lopez, the great Newport merchant, carried on a 
considerable trade with Boston. He had a resident agent 
there for many years in the person of Henry Lloyd. There 
was almost a daily exchange of letters between them, and many 
of his young Jewish clerks were sent from Newport to Mr. 
Lloyd in Boston. In one of the manuscript letters, which I 
have seen, Lopez speaks of sending Joseph De Lucena to Bos- 
ton. It was no uncommon thing to find young Jews tempo- 

'Ubid., p. 154. 

"At a meeting of the Selectmen, May 18, 1762, they were in- 
formed that one Isaac Moses, a Jew, had lately come into this town 
and lived at the house of Palatine Troop in Fog Lane. Ibid., 
vol. xix, p. 195. Warrant to Abijiah Adams, June 1, 1762, to warn 
Isaac Moses to depart this town in fourteen days or give security. 
Officer's return June 21, " Isaac Moses, single man, came from 
New York by land, been in town three months." Supreme Judicial 
Court, Suffolk Files, No. 83000. 

" Mass. Hist. Soc, " Collections," supra, vol. iv, pp. 84, 190, 191. 

" Report Record Commissioners, vol. xv, p. 49. 

'" See infra, p. 152. He also was witness to a deed of Joshua Hen- 
shaw to John Solomon of Roxbury in 1742, Suffolk Registry of 
Deeds, Book 63, p. 234. This may suggest that John Solomon may 
have been a .lew. The Solomon family in Roxbury is known as an 
old New England family. 



Early Jewish Residents in Massachusetts — Friedman. 85 

rarily in Boston attending to business for their employers. 
Thus in 1735, Isaac Levy of Philadelphia and Abraham Judah 
of Newport, were residing in Boston." 

In 1766, Moses Alvares and Jacob Hindis, merchants from 
Jamaica, landed in Boston "* but there is no evidence of their 
remaining there for any time. 

After the capture of Newport by the British in 1777, some 
of the most prominent Jewish patriots with their families 
fled to Leicester, Mass., where they resided for some six years. 
Washburn says that there were some seventy in all, mostly of 
the Lopez, Eivera and Mendez families." Aaron Lopez lived 
in great state in a large mansion he erected which was later 
the Leicester Academy. He was known far and wide for his 
hospitality and the magnificence of his entertainments. Evi- 
dently he was often in Boston during this period and a con- 
siderable factor in trade." He died in 1782 leaving an estate 

" Isaac Levy, formerly of Philadelphia, had a brother Nathan 
Levy, lately residing in Philadelphia, now residing in Boston 
(August 13, 1739), who wrote to Judah Israel of Philadelphia 
although perhaps he was absent at the time from Philadelphia, 
Judah Israel, Newport, R. I., wrote under date of December 8, 
1738, to Joseph Sherburn in Boston. He also wrote December 14, 
1738, to Abraham Judah. Supreme Judicial Court, Suffolk Files, 
No. 52157, No. 52618. 

''Report Record Commissioners, vol. xxix, p. 281. 

=' Washburn, " History of Leicester," pp. 120-124. 

** WoRCESTEB 22'"» Decern' 1781 
Sir. I was induced to call at your house in Lester last Tuesday, 
in consequence of advice from M'' Whitney who improves your 
Interist in Newport that you wanted to sell the same (perhaps 
you may have seen him since & he has spoke to you on the subject) 
I have since perform'' a tour to the N°ward, and now on my return 
at this place, & hear you have not yet return* from Boston: I 
left my name & place of Abode with your son — If you incline to 
sell that Interist, & will take a Farm of One hundred acres, with 
good Building & under the best improvement, in the center of the 
town of Plainfield, or new lands in different parts of America, or 
Continental Certificates of an early date, or Bonds for money lent 



86 American Jewish Historical Society. 

of considerable size but much involved." The other members 
of this community remained in Massachusetts only temporarily 
and, after the peace of 1783, they returned to Newport without 
leaving any particular influence on the community in the 
midst of which they had been living. 

By 1790, the list of inhabitants of Boston shows several 
Jews. Besides the well-known Moses Michael Hays *" and his 
son Judah Hays," there are the names of Abraham Solis,** 
Isaac Solomon,'' and Mrs. Cohon,^" Moses Abraham Wallach '' 

before the War & the best security in towns almost Adjoining to 
Lester: you may write me word. & the price of the Interist under- 
stood & appoint the time & place where I shall see you, or should 
be glad to see you at my House in Plainfield in Connecticutt 
Excuse my hast, fatigue & the most barbarous paper, pen & Ink, 
from S"" 

your most humb' Serv^ 

JoHX Cady 
M' A Lopez 

■" Worcester County Probate Records. 

" Report Record Commissioners Boston, vol. xxii, p. 445. 

'• Ibid., p. 68. 

*' Ibid., p. 469; Publications, No. 11, p. 85 et seq. 

*'^ Report Record Commissioners, supra, p. 479. 

'" Ibid., p. 461. 

*' Ibid., p. 495. Wallach died in 1836 leaving a wife Mary, and 
ten children surviving, Richard, Robert, Olivia, Mary, Frances, 
Catherine Emons, Charlotte Templeman, Harriet, Eleanor and 
William. He married a Christian and evidently cut himself off 
from the Jewish community. At a meeting of the Selectmen, 
December 11, 1816, " The chairman reported that he had lately 
received a letter by the way of London from M. L. D. Levinson of 
Konigsberg, in Prussia, making inquiries concerning M. Moses 
Abraham Wallach. In consequence of this letter, he had handed 
Mr. Wallach a duplicate of the same and that R. G. Amory, Esq., 
counsel to Mr. Wallach had prepared a certificate that Moses 
Abraham Wallach was a citizen, resident in this town, that he had 
married a woman of respectable family in Boston and had a num- 
ber of children. This certificate and a duplicate thereof had 
been signed by the Chairman." Ibid., vol. xxxviii, p. 207; Suffolk 
Probate Records, vol. mcccxlii, p. 27. 



Early Jewish Residents in Massachusetts — Friedman. 87 

and Bristol Mirranda," There also appear to be several names 
of persons who although not unlikely Jews have not yet been 
positively identified. Thus there are William Abrahams/"' 
Ealph Abrahams/" Ezek Decoster," Mrs. Abrahams " and Mrs. 
Decoster." 

So much has already been written in the Publications of this 
Society " about Moses Michael Hays that his useful career as 
a beloved citizen of Boston is now familiar to the public. 
He well merited the following eulogy printed in the news- 
papers at the time of his decease. 

On Thursday evening [May 9, 1805], M. M. Hays, Esq., aged 64. — 
In the character of the deceased, there is much worthy of our 
admiration — much of our imitation. In his death, society will 
mourn the loss of a most valuable citizen, his family the kindest 
of husbands, the most indulgent of fathers. But what consolation 
shall we offer to assuage the violence of their grief? Why, this 
is all — the recollection of his virtues; and that as he lived, so he 
died; that to the last moment the cheerfulness and benevolence of 
his whole life, wasted not on his failing brow." 



** Report Record Commissioners, vol. xxii, p. 502. 

*' lUd., p. 446; vol. xxxviii, p. 242. In the Directory of 1796 W. 
Abrams appears as a " Tayler, Hanover Street." 

'"Report Record Commissioners, supra, pp. 216, 449. In the 
Directory of 1796 Ralph Abrahams appears as " Retailer Middle 
Street." 

^lUd., pp. 48, 450. 

"=' nid., p. 459. 

"/fcid., p. 179. 

"Publications, No. 12, p. 104 et seq.; No. 11, p. 83. 

"^Independent Chronicle. Boston, May 13, 1805. May 5, 1789 — 
Hays had been elected an honorary member of the Boston Marine 
Society, an organization of the merchant mariners of Boston, 
maintaining light houses, buoys and experimenting in lamps. 
" Records Boston Marine Society." He became also a member in 
1800 of the Massachusetts Charitable Fire Society. 



88 American Jewish Historical Society. 

David Lopez, a brother of Aaron Lopez and Abraham Lopez, 
died in Boston in 1797 " where he had been living for some 
years. He left an estate of upwards of £1300 which he dis- 
tributed amongst his nephews and nieces." 

No paper on the Jews of Massachusetts would be complete 
without the mention of the Franks and Touro families. Both 
Prof. Jastrow and Mr. Hiihner have already written of the 
military career of Colonel Isaac Franks "' who served as ensign 
in the Seventh Massachusetts Eegiment in 1781. 

The Touro family history in Massachusetts belongs to the 
nineteenth century rather than to the earlier colonial times. 
Judah and Abraham Touro, nephews of Moses Michael Hays, 
were both educated in Boston. Judah Touro °° early trans- 
ferred the field of his activity to New Orleans in 1803, there 
to become an interesting and important figure in that com- 
munity. Abraham Touro died in the prime of life in Boston, 
a much respected merchant."" 

APPENDIX " A." 

In the name of God, Amen, I, David Lopez of Boston in the 
County of Suffolk, and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, being 
sick and weak in body, but of sound mind, memory and under- 
standing. Praised be God for it, and considering the certainty of 
death and the uncertainty of the time thereof, and to the end I 



^"In this town on Sunday, the 19th ult, [December 19, 1797] 
David Lopez, Esq. His remains were respectfully entombed at 
Newport, R. I., the residence of his more immediate friends. While 
we mingle the tears of sympathy and affection in those of his 
friends and acquaintances, his social virtues will forever embalm 
his memory." Independent Chronicle, December 28, 1797; Janu- 
ary 1, 1798. 

" See Appendix " A." 

'^Publications No. 5, p. 7; No. 10, pp. 168-170. 

'^"Publications, No. 3, pp. 98, 99; No. 13, p. 93 et seq.; see Evening 
Transcript, Boston, February 1, 1854. 

•" See Appendix " B." 



Early Jewish Residents in Massachusetts — Friedman. 89 

may be better prepared to leave this world, whenever it shall 
please God to call me hence, do therefore make and declare this 
my last will and testament, hereby revoking and making void all 
former wills by me at any time heretofore made; and first and 
principally I give my soul into the hands of my Creator, who gave 
it, and my body to the earth, to be interred at the discretion of 
my Executors hereinafter named, and as to such worldly estate, 
wherewith it hath pleased God to entrust me, I dispose of the same 
as followeth; — 

Imprimis, I order all my debts and funeral charges to be paid 
by my Executors hereinafter named as soon as may be after my 
decease; I give and bequeath unto Esther Gomez, wife of Moses 
Mordecai Gomez, Rebecca Hendricks, wife of Uriah Hendricks, 
Hannah Rivera, wife of Abraham Rodrigues Rivera, Abigail 
Gomez, wife of Isaac Moses Gomez, Merriam Lopez, Deborah 
Lopez, Judith Lopez, Grace Lopez, Joshua Lopez, Samuel Lopez, 
my beloved nephews and nieces, all Children of my late beloved 
brother Aaron Lopez, One Hundred Dollars each, for their own 
use and disposal. I also give and bequeath unto Moses Lopez and 
Jacob Lopez, two other of my beloved nephews, Children of my 
brother Abraham Lopez, One Hundred Dollars each. I also give 
and bequeath unto Sarah Deming, widow, for her faithful atten- 
tion and kind services to me during my sickness, One Hundred 
Dollars, over and above all her charges for my board and living. 
I also bequeath unto Bethia Bass, widow, fifty dollars. I also give 
and bequeath unto Rebecca Isaacs wife of Jacob Isaacs of New- 
port in the state of Rhode Island, One Hundred Dollars. I also 
give and bequeath unto Grace Levi widow of the late Hyman Levi, 
also of Newport, One Hundred Dollars. All which Legacies afore- 
mentioned, I do order my Executors herein after named to pay to 
the several legatees aforesaid within three months after my 
decease. I do also give and bequeath unto my friend Moses 
Michael Hays, Esquire, my Silver hilted sword, in token of my 
respect for him. I also give and bequeath unto Sarah Lopez, 
widow of my late beloved brother Aaron Lopez, my silver sugar 
pot and pepper box. And lastly as to the residue and remainder 
of my estate, goods, and chattels, of what kind and nature so ever, 
I give and bequeath the same unto my beloved Nephew, Joseph 
Lopez, son of my late brother Aaron Lopez. And I do hereby 
appoint my worthy friend Moses Michael Hays, Esquire, and my 
Nephew Joseph Lopez aforementioned to be the joint Executors of 
this my last will and testament. In testimony whereof I have 



90 American Jewish Historical Society. 

hereunto set my hand and seal this eighth day of December In the 
year of the Christian Era, One thousand seven hundred and ninety 
seven. 

David Lopez. (Seal) 
Signed Sealed, published and 
declared by the above named 
David Lopez to be his last will 
and testament, in presence of 
us, who have hereunto sub- 
scribed our names, as wit- 
nesses in the presence of the 
testator and each other. 
Charles Paine, 
Abraham Touro, 
Faith Butler. 
Suffolk County Probate OflBce, vol. xcvi, p. 2. Moses Michael 
Hays declined to serve as an executor, and the trust was placed 
upon Joseph Lopez, Newport, merchant, with Moses Michael Hays 
and Joseph May as sureties for five thousand dollars. 

APPENDIX " B." 

Died on Friday afternoon [October 18, 1822] Abraham Touro, 
Esq., merchant, aged about 46. While viewing the military parade 
on the 3rd., inst., in a chaise, his horses were frightened by the 
fire of the artillery and became unmanageable, and Mr. Touro 
leaping from the chaise, fractured his leg so severely that not- 
withstanding the best surgical assistance, a mortification ensued, 
which terminated his life. We learn that among other legacies, 
he has bequeathed $10,000 to the General Hospital and $15,000 to 
the Synagogue in Newport, at which place his body will be interred. 

Independent Chronicle and Boston Patriot, October 23, 1822. 



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